Feed classification

Classification of feed stuffs (ingredient) and examples

Its broad though

Feedstuffs can be defined as any component of a diet that serves some useful function

Most feedstuffs provide one or more of nutrients such as protein, lipids and oil, carbohydrates, minerals, or vitamins

The International Feed Identification System classified feedstuffs into eight general categories.

1. Roughages - Dry forages and roughages

2. Pasture, range plants and forages fed fresh

3. Silages & hayleges

4. Energy feeds

5. Protein supplements

6. Mineral supplements

7. Vitamin supplements

8. Additives.

In addition

9) Filler (fibre supplement)

1) Roughages or Dry forages and roughages

a) All forages and roughages cut & cured, and other products with more than 18% crude fiber or containing more than 35% cell wall (dry basis).

b) Carbonaceous roughages (low protein) - Straws, Stalks, Weathered grass, etc.

c) Proteinaceous roughages - Legume hays, grass/legume hays, etc.

Example of forage are

Guinea grass, elephant grass,

Stylo, centrosema, mucuna and so on

General characteristics of roughage

: 1) Low in energy and containing more than 18% crude fiber, and variable in protein content.

2) Higher in Ca and trace mineral elements than most concentrates.

3) Legumes are higher in protein and B vitamins than some concentrates.

4) Better source of fat-soluble vitamins than most concentrates.

5) Usually, palatable to ruminant species.

6) Limited use in swine diets, and also beef finishing rations & some high-energy lactating rations.

7) Required by lactating dairy cows to help maintain a normal milk fat content.

8) More variable in nutritive contents and acceptability than concentrates because of variations in maturity, harvesting (i.e., stages?), and storing procedures.

Note: roughage are generally high in cellulose

And it only ruminants animal that have ability to utilize it better because they have enzyme that can break it down(digest) in there intestine. Name of the enzyme is cellulase

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